Over 100 species of larger Basidiomycetes are fully described and they are illustrated by nearly 200 colour photographs. 46 Agarics, 4 boletes, 4 pleurotoid fungi, 6 chanterelles, 1 ramarioid fungus, 35 polypores, 4 stereoid fungi, 3 gastromycetes and 2 auricularioid fungi. A special emphasis is laid on edible and poisonous species, and on wood-rotting fugi. The vegetation of Tanzania is briefly outlined, as well as the structures and terminology of different fungal groups and their ecology.